The ancient origins of Black Herbemont and Jacquez in South Africa

Towards the end of the 19th century in California, grape growers began to use rootstocks which showed some resistance against the phylloxera. The oldest rootstocks were Jacquez and Herbemont. Herbemont was referred to as the "brown grape" throughout the southeastern region of the United States and yields a clear juice for white wine production, while Jacquez (a.k.a. Lenoir) yields a very dark red wine because it is a teinturier-type grape cultivar.